Toronto Electric Model Aviation Club Forum

Toronto Electric Model Aviation Club (TEMAC) => Building / Construction => Topic started by: Michael on April 14, 2020, 03:10:00 PM

Title: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 14, 2020, 03:10:00 PM
While I'm still 'locked up' here at home, I'm going to try something I've never done before. I'm going to try to scratch-build a 72" wingspan, 4-motor Avro York, as in the image here. It will be built of balsa and ply, and will have retracts. It will be finished in vintage Transair (Canada) colours.

I picked the size because I have 4 motors and 2 retracts that should be appropriate for a model of this size.

Any comments before I start?
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Frank v B on April 14, 2020, 04:04:27 PM
Oh wow!

And it looks like it has a triple tail like the coolest 4 engine airplane ever built.... the Lockheed Constellation.

A description of the Avro York  https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=1642

Frank
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: piker on April 14, 2020, 04:53:35 PM
Awesome!  Do you have plans or are you going to "wing it"?

Interesting.  I'm not familiar with the plane.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 14, 2020, 05:19:18 PM
I am going to 'wing it'.

The Avro York was a post WW2 modified version of the Lancaster, converted to transport or for passengers.

It was also used for a time as business/personal planes for world leaders, Winston Churchill, for example.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on April 14, 2020, 06:52:09 PM
Great Project!
I will be starting a Lancaster as soon as the Minimoa is finished.
I have 3 sets of plans and I am willing to let one go if you would need one.
The wingspan is 74 inches.
The plans were done by Paragon DPI 2 weeks ago.
What is your planned power system? 
Thank you and assistance with the power requirements and system set-up would be appreciated.
Guy
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: sihinch on April 14, 2020, 07:13:00 PM
Awesome project Michael. Wow! I'm so impressed.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 14, 2020, 07:30:31 PM
Thanks Guy, that PDF will help. I don't think I'll need full size plans as I will sort of make-it-up as I go along.

I'm using 4 identical E-Flite motors taken from Convergence models, which are about the power of speed 400 brushed motors.
They'll be powered by a 3-cell lipo pack. I intend to build lightly.

A great Canadian modeller, Laddie Mikulasko used to build large model airplanes, but relatively light, and power them with multiple speed 400 motors.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on April 14, 2020, 09:17:57 PM
Thank You @Michael , I will search for that motor.  Looks about the right size for the Lancaster.
Let me know if you change your mind about the plans.
I do not know the weight of this model as there is no indication on the plan.
I too will attempt a light build.
Guy
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 14, 2020, 09:27:38 PM
I'm not sure that motor is available. I think any speed 400 size brushless outrunner that spins a small enough prop (8 to 9") should be ok.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 15, 2020, 11:24:16 AM
I'm going to use some of the techniques I used in building my Canadair Waterbomber in order to build as lightweight as pragmatically possible.

http://temac.ca/smf/index.php/topic,6798.0.html

The wing will be one piece. It might be a bit cumbersome with four motors, but at a wingspan of six feet, it shouldn't be too hard to store or transport.

The fuselage will essentially be a lightweight, built-up hollow box.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 15, 2020, 12:24:35 PM
Plenty of room in the inner nacelles.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: sihinch on April 15, 2020, 01:53:57 PM
Can I make a suggestion - don't hold the retracts in with masking tape.  They will fall out!  ;D
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on April 15, 2020, 09:25:43 PM
Question for @Michael or @Frank v B or @bruce
Would this motor, multiplied by 4 be adequate for a 6 pound Lancaster?
https://www.greathobbies.com/productinfo/?prod_id=CSCA22121000

Price is right...  I just want power that is not marginal.
It swings an 11-inch by 4.5 prop.  I would prefer an 8-inch, 3 bladed one for scale effect.
Thank you for your assistance.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 15, 2020, 09:44:27 PM
In order to swing a smaller prop and still produce enough thrust, you would need a motor with a higher KV number.

Maybe, just maybe, a 3-blade prop, maybe like 8/6, or 9/6 cut down to 8/6 might work.

I'm not really sure.

This motor can produce 300 watts, so 4 motors can produce 1200 watts, way more than enough power, but they're expensive.
https://www.greathobbies.com/productinfo/?prod_id=EFLM1205

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on April 16, 2020, 08:40:16 AM
I am starting a new Blog called Lancaster 74 Inches.
Some of the posts will be copied there.
Thank you for your insightful comments Michael, Frank and Bruce.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 17, 2020, 08:13:14 AM
I'm still waiting for a balsa wood delivery.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 17, 2020, 10:16:27 AM
Don't you just love a public-funded company that competes with the private sector?

Canada Post Tracking for my package of balsa:

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: piker on April 17, 2020, 10:29:48 AM
Apparently they offer time travel as one of their services.

Just curious... where you order your wood from?
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 17, 2020, 10:32:13 AM
Ken Fluney. "Polecat".
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on April 17, 2020, 10:45:52 AM
Same here:
Delivery status
Expected delivery: Wednesday, Apr. 8, 9:30 am to 1:30 pm  Help 
Delivery detailsIn transit Apr. 17
Received by Canada Post Apr. 6Expected delivery Apr. 8, 9:30 am to 1:30 pm
Delivery progress Information updated: Apr. 17
Date   Time   Progress Apr. 6   9:25 am   
Item accepted at the Post Office Orangeville, ON
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 17, 2020, 11:06:16 AM
That's not encouraging.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on April 17, 2020, 11:20:54 AM
Canada Post Status.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 17, 2020, 11:26:15 AM
Did you call the post office?
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on April 17, 2020, 11:30:18 AM
Online response was: it is being processed, the status will be updated when at an other stage of the delivery.  Useless to talk to Canada Post. >:(   
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Polecat on April 18, 2020, 08:54:37 AM
I purchased a electric motor on RCCanada, was shipped April 7 from Oshawa still not here, showing in transit April 18. So things have come to a snell's pace at Canada Post.
Last week I placed an order at Hobby Hobby, was here in 4 days, which I didn't expect it to arrive that fast. So I don't know if it is the larger packages taking the time to process or what.
I shipped 4 packages of wood on April 14th and will check the status them.

Ken
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Polecat on April 30, 2020, 05:27:43 PM
Everyone should buy from the LHS now and say no to Hobby King.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 30, 2020, 07:56:50 PM
I would have to agree with Ken.

I have been a long-time supporter of local dealers.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on April 30, 2020, 08:02:51 PM
Balsa wood arrived yesterday (thanks, Ken), and construction started this afternoon.

It's my own design, and I'm making it up as I go along.

I'm starting with the center wing section.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Gregor77 on May 01, 2020, 01:30:01 PM
I suggest seeing if you can find "Chris Golds" Lancaster plans, it was a mix of foam and ply.  Maybe some of the construction can help as a guide?
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 01, 2020, 08:30:16 PM
Center wing and inner nacelles construction under way.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 03, 2020, 10:00:41 AM
These fuselage sides (lacking entire nose/cockpit and tail cone) were much more work than one might imagine.

Straightening balsa sheets edges and gluing them together, lots of measuring, marking the outline, cutting and sanding. It took several hours.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: piker on May 04, 2020, 02:14:46 PM
Coming along nicely!
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 05, 2020, 04:48:27 PM
Thanks, Robert.

More slow and steady progress: fuselage formers, partial fuselage sides, and partial bottom sheeting.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 07, 2020, 11:33:23 AM
Designing/building the outer wing panels from scratch.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 07, 2020, 06:10:11 PM
Parts for one wing outer section are cut to shape and size, and set up (no glue).

I have not prepared sheeting, cap strips, nacelles nor servo bays.

The parts behind the wing are for the other side; I still have to cut the other side's ribs to shape.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Polecat on May 07, 2020, 07:17:06 PM
Nice work Michael, you are a real old school builder.

Ken
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 07, 2020, 08:38:45 PM
Thanks, Ken.

"old school builder"

That could mean:

- I'm an old-school builder, in that I build model airplanes in a time-honoured fashion

or

- I'm a builder of old schools

or

- that I'm old and I build schools.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 08, 2020, 07:55:12 AM
Coffee and ribs for breakfast.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 09, 2020, 08:10:16 PM
Now to make plywood dihedral braces.

Webbing, wing-top sheeting, cap-strips, ailerons, sanding, nacelles and servo installation still to be done.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 10, 2020, 04:29:52 PM
Starting the webbing, sheeting and cap-strips.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Gregor77 on May 11, 2020, 08:20:01 AM
Michael, what is in that yellow cup?  That's incredible!
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 17, 2020, 05:42:20 PM
Back to it after a week of all kinds of work.

Tail section, so far, took me all day today.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 17, 2020, 07:07:30 PM
Partially sanded, beveled, hinged (not glued) and assembled.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 18, 2020, 05:22:45 PM
Wing top sheeted and cap-stripped. rudder servos installed.

This has been a lot more work than I anticipated, and there's a lot more to go!

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 19, 2020, 02:35:45 PM
Retracts customized, bent, cut, fiddled-with, fitted, installed, and tested. About 4 hours work.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Frank v B on May 19, 2020, 03:07:46 PM
The sign of an experienced builder/flyer.  Lots of room around the wheel when retracted.
 
Retracts always bend, bind, jam, slam, refuse to retract or jam in the "up" position*. 

They generally refuse to do their job when too confined like modellers stuck in basements instead of at Rogo Field. ;)

Frank

* see a qualified mechanic is this happens for more than 4 hours. ;D  (Sorry)
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 26, 2020, 08:12:05 PM
Forward and top fuselage under construction.

It's sort of like a puzzle that I make up as I go along.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 27, 2020, 04:19:56 PM
More work on the fuselage and the wing-top.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on May 27, 2020, 04:24:24 PM
Looks amazing!  :D
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: bweaver on May 28, 2020, 09:49:43 AM
Looking great!
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on May 30, 2020, 11:14:19 AM
Wiring done. It seems there's about 18 miles of wiring in the wing!

Anyway, the motors all turn in the directions I want, and the retracts work.

Total weight so far is 1750 grams, or about a couple ounces less than 4 pounds. Hopefully, I can keep it under 5 pounds including covering and battery.

I'm on-and-off worried that the tail is a bit too small, but (there are 3 rudder/fins) it is almost the same area as my 60-size Mustang which weighs about twice as much, so I'm guessing/hoping it'll be okay.

Next: finish the nacelles, maybe make my own spinners, and make a battery hatch.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: sihinch on May 30, 2020, 12:17:42 PM
This really is an amazing project Michael.  Well done, Sir.  :)
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Frank v B on May 30, 2020, 10:51:04 PM
Michael,

re: "I'm on-and-off worried that the tail is a bit too small, but..."

I don't know if you are using model plans or scale 3 views.  One of the guidelines I was told in WW2 models is that tail feathers should be enlarged by at least 15% compared to true scale.

For what it is worth.

Frank
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 03, 2020, 09:25:09 PM
Due to compromises in construction, this will be a "semi-scale" rendition.

Covering and some detailing underway.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 03, 2020, 09:26:39 PM
Quote from: Frank v B on May 30, 2020, 10:51:04 PM
Michael,

re: "I'm on-and-off worried that the tail is a bit too small, but..."

I don't know if you are using model plans or scale 3 views.  One of the guidelines I was told in WW2 models is that tail feathers should be enlarged by at least 15% compared to true scale.

For what it is worth.

Frank

All three fins/rudders have been enlarged.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 04, 2020, 08:45:35 AM
All major construction, covering, radio installation, power installation is done.

Total weight is 5 pounds with battery.
I still have to build a battery tray, adjust linkages and adjust throws.
I'll do additional decorations after a successful flight.
I may add an ounce or two of nose weight.

Now I'm waiting for a sub 10 km wind sunny and warm day to fly it!

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Frank v B on June 04, 2020, 05:55:03 PM
It flew today.  It was not the best maiden weather (gusty, from the west, oscillating wind) but Michael achieved it.
The take-off was absolutely perfect and the flight looked like everything went well.  Bumpy landing because of the gusts.  Great flying Michael.

Frank
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 06, 2020, 06:46:43 AM
Thanks Frank for the encouragement and help.

Here's a great photo by Andy, taken after the maiden.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: sihinch on June 06, 2020, 07:37:15 AM
Congratulations Michael on a brilliant project climax.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Gregor77 on June 07, 2020, 08:04:15 AM
That's a great picture!
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on June 09, 2020, 02:51:14 PM
Questions for @Michael as I am planning my set-up for the Lancaster:
1- Did you use one ESC per motor?
2- Did you use "Y" connectors to link all ESC to one motor channel of the receiver?
3- I understand that you used one large battery.  What is the wiring diagram to the motors?

Thank you, trying to learn from the expert.
Guy
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 09, 2020, 03:12:38 PM
Quote from: GuyOReilly on June 09, 2020, 02:51:14 PM
Questions for @Michael as I am planning my set-up for the Lancaster:
1- Did you use one ESC per motor?
2- Did you use "Y" connectors to link all ESC to one motor channel of the receiver?
3- I understand that you used one large battery.  What is the wiring diagram to the motors?

Thank you, trying to learn from the expert.
Guy

1. One ESC per motor. All motors wired in parallel; not in series.
2. 3 Y connectors, all into the throttle channel.
3. I'll make a drawing and post it later.

4. I also used a separate BEC to power the receiver since I'm using the equivalent of 12 servos (that includes the retracts and 4 ESCs). I'll include that in the drawing.


Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on June 09, 2020, 03:22:43 PM
Thank you @Michael
Pictures will be very useful.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 09, 2020, 06:23:26 PM
2nd and 3rd flights.

Photos by Glenn N.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Gregor77 on June 09, 2020, 06:34:41 PM
Just caught a bit of the flight and the landing. Just amazing.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 09, 2020, 07:05:22 PM
Quote from: GuyOReilly on June 09, 2020, 03:22:43 PM
Thank you @Michael
Pictures will be very useful.

Ask any questions.

Anyone can feel free to verify or find errors.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Gregor77 on June 09, 2020, 07:34:30 PM
Do the esc have internal BEC?
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 09, 2020, 07:39:23 PM
Quote from: Gregor77 on June 09, 2020, 07:34:30 PM
Do the esc have internal BEC?

Yes, but they don't have enough power for the number of servos, retracts and throttles.

Some say to cut the red wire, of the 3-radio wires, that plugs into the throttle slot, to avoid interference, but I didn't, and am having no problems.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Gregor77 on June 09, 2020, 07:54:24 PM
My understanding is the red wire should be cut. As you said. It can mess with the voltage to the RX. Especially if running an external BEC.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on June 09, 2020, 10:51:01 PM
Thank you for your drawing @Michael , now let me see if I understand this correctly... ???

1- The Y Connectors only have the signal (blue) wire active and going to the receiver in the motor channel.
2- The other 2 wires are cut between the receiver and the ESCs.
3- The red are all wired/soldered together.
4- The blacks are all wired/soldered together.
5- There are 2 colours crossing over for the right side motors so they can run in reverse.
6- Deans (or other types of connector) is needed between the battery and the BEC.
7- The BEC connects in the BATT position of the receiver and has a MALE Dean (or other connector type) to the battery.
8- The motors should run as soon as the battery is connected AND the transmitter motor position in a position other than in the OFF position.  If the transmitter is at idle or off position, no signal in the blue wire goes to the ESCs, therefore the motors are not turning.
Let me know if this is accurate.
Once again, a picture is really simple to understand, thank you.
Guy
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 10, 2020, 06:43:18 AM
The blue lines represent the 3-wire radio leads (except the small ones at the motors). If you want, you can cut the red wire, but the other 2 must be connected to the receiver. As mentioned, I didn't cut any on mine.

The BEC simply has to tap into the battery for power. It doesn't really matter where this happens.

Again, the blue lines are 3 wire radio leads.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 10, 2020, 07:03:51 AM
I split the diagram into 2 diagrams: motor-wiring and radio-wiring.

The BEC is shown in both diagrams.

The blue wire in the wiring-diagram represents the 3-wires from servos, throttles, retracts, etc. You do not have to cut anything.

If you want, some people suggest to cut the red (orange wire) to prevent interference, but I didn't cut anything, and I have no problems.

Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: GuyOReilly on June 10, 2020, 08:47:56 AM
@Michael Thank you for taking the time to explain this rather simple thing to me. :-[
I now understand it fully and I am confident with the wiring that will be required.
The servo wires and Y connectors are all standard sizes.
The rest of the wire will be the same size as the battery or ESC.
I am looking forward to starting my project, once Minimoa is finished...  One big project at the time!  ;D
Guy
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 10, 2020, 02:30:45 PM
I hope the diagrams are not confusing; I didn't imply anything about wire sizes. In fact, wire gauge, length, types of connectors, etc., should be based on the requirements of your own power system.

When you get to that point in your construction, feel free to ask questions.
Title: Re: An ambitious project - scratch-built Avro York
Post by: Michael on June 30, 2020, 09:12:27 PM
A few more recent images.